Chapter+2+Chemistry+Review

=Chapter 2 - Changes in Matter= =Chapter 2 -Vocabulary Review:= =[]= =Solids Liquids and Gases (2-1)=
 * Solids have a definite shape and volume because the particles in a solid are packed tightly together and stay in fixed positions.


 * The particles in a liquid are free to move around one another. Thus, a liquid has no definite shape, but it does have a definite volume.

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 * The particles of a gas spread apart to fill all the space available to them. Thus, a gas has neither definite shape nor definite volume.
 * A cool interactive site that allows you to simulate the creation of Bose - Einstein Condensate using laser cooling and magnetic traps! FUN and informative!**

**Information about a sixth state of matter!**
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An easy explanation of the Bose Einstein Condensate. [] =Behavior of Gases (2-2)=
 * Volume, temperature, and pressure are three different properties of a gas you can measure.


 * When the volume of a gas decreases, its pressure increases. This relationship is explained by Boyle's law.


 * In a rigid container, raising the temperature of a gas increases its pressure. (Guy-Lussac's Law, not named in textbook)


 * In a flexible container, raising the temperature of a gas increases its volume. This relationship is explained by Charles' Law.

==This is my favorite. You need to click on one of the circles next to the scroll bars on the top right (they say P for pressure, V for volume, n for molecules of Helium or molecules of Neon, and T for temperature). That value will be held constant, then you watch how the other values change! Have fun!==

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media type="custom" key="22510248" =Interactive Game that Allows you to change the temperature, pressure, or volume and see what happens to the other variables. Follow the directions on the page so that you can demonstrate all three of the gas laws in the text book!= []

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=Graphing Gas Behavior (2-3)=
 * When values for the volume and kelvin temperature of a gas under constant pressure are graphed, the graph shows that the volume and temperature are directly proportional.


 * When values for the volume and pressure of a gas are graphed, the points fall in a downward curve. the graph shows that the pressure of a gas varies inversely with its volume.

=Physical and Chemical Changes (2-4)=
 * In a physical change, substances change form but not their identities. In a chemical change, substances change into other substances.


 * Matter changes whenever energy is added to or taken away from it.


 * Changes of state occur when a substance gains or loses energy and the particles of the substance are rearranged.


 * Chemical changes are also called chemical reactions. Chemical reactions either absorb or release energy.